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HISTORY
 

IND -- ENG

The history of Subang Regency not only means as a regon history in an adminsitrative framework, but also a part of territory of West Java Province. From the historical aspect, the Subang Regency improvement can be traced even since thousand years ago.

Prehistoric Period

The evidences for prehistoric community di Subang Regency territory is stoned-axe finding in Bojongkeding (Binong), Pagaden, Kalijati, and Dayeuhkolot (Sagalaherang). This neolitihicum prehistoric finding shows that at that time there was a tribal community that live in simply food-gathering type in Subang Regency territory. Besides it, in prehistoric period also grew bronze cultural type of community that showed by a site at Engkel, Sagalaherang District.

Hinduism Periode

On Hinduism cultural period, Subang Regency territory became a part of 3 kingdoms : Tarumanagara, Galuh, and Pajajaran. Along 3 kingdoms hegemony, from Subang territory there could be some contacts to some maritime kingdoms even to out of Nusantara territory. The evidences of small parts of ceramics from China in Patenggeng (Kalijati) shows that along 7th  century up to 15th  century there had been some trade contacts with the faraway territories.
Another source said that along this period, Subang Regency territory was under Sunda Kingdom hegemony. Notes of Tome’ Pires, a Portuguese traveller that sailed in Nusantara explained when he travelled by ship along nothern Java coastal, the eastern part of Cimanuk river to Banten territory was under Sunda kingdom hegemony.

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Early Islamic Period

The early coming of Islamic cultural in Subang Regency territory was marked of the role of an ulama figure, Wangsa Goparana. He came from Talaga, Majalengka. On 1530’s, Wangsa Goparana opened  the new settlement in Sagalaherang dan introduced Islam to many parts of Subang Regency territory.

Western Colonialism Period

After the falling of Pajajaran kingdom, Subang Regency territory is as same as other territories in Java, became an object of struggle territory of many powers. History notes the kingdom of Banten, Mataram, Sumedanglarang, VOC, British, and Dutch tried to put their hegemonies in the territory that compatible for plantation, and so strategic for reaching Batavia. During Mataram-VOC conflict period, Subang Regency territory, especially on the northern part, became a supply line for Sultan Agung’s troops that would invade Batavia. During that periode, in Subang Regency territory occurred acculturation between Java and Sunda cultural, because many Sultan Agung’s troop didn’t go back to Mataram, but lived in Subang territory.
On 1771, when Subang territory was under Sumedanglarang kingdom territory, exactly at Pagaden, Pamanukan, and Ciasem, noted a bupati that  took on charge in those districts along several generation. When Java was under Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles (1811-1816), land concession in Subang territory was given to some European private companies. On the year of 1812 noted as the first era of land ownership by the landlords that established plantation enterprise of Pamanoekan en Tjiasemlanden (P&T lands). Land’s ownership on the large area were still continued although land’s administration was under Dutch administraton. The extent of land ownership by European private companies was 212,900 hectare with eigendom right.
In order to applicate the administration in Subang territory, Dutch adminsitration established some districts. Subang itself was under administration of a bienenlandsch bestuur (BB) controller which took place at Subang town now.

Nationalism Movement Period

It is less historical notes about  nationalism movement at Subang in early 20th century. However, after Sarekat Islam congress in Bandung on 1916, in Subang established the branch of Sarekat Islam. The branch took place at Pringkasap (Pabuaran) and Sukamandi (Ciasem). Then, on 1928 established Pagoeyoeban Pasoendan with Darmodiharjo (post office employee) as the chairman and Odeng Jayawisastra (P&T Lands employee) as the secretary. 
On 1930, Odeng Jayawisastra and his companies took a striking at P&T Lands publishing that consequented the publishing activities stopped for a while.  Because of it, Odeng Jayawisastra was fired as an employee in P&T Lands company. After that, Odeng Jayawisastra establihed Indonesia National Party (PNI) branch in Subang
Meanwhile, Darmodiharjo established branch of Nahdlatul Ulama that also followed by branches of Parindra and Partindo at Subang. When Indonesia Politic Coalition (GAPI) required a parliament for Indonesian, at Sukamandi cinema GAPI branch of Subang held a great meeting for requiring the same issue that required GAPI at Jakarta

Japan Military Authority Period

The landing of Japan Navy in east Eretan beach on March 1, 1942 continued to the struggle of Kalijati Airforce Base. This struggle furthermore became an extraordinary note for Dutch-Indie Administration and Dutch colonialisme history, because it consequented to capitulation from Dutch Admnistration to Japan Military Authority. This momentum also marked the fall of Dutch colonialism to Japan Military Authority.
The partisants along this period still continued the struggle by clandestine way. On this period noted Sukandi (a teacher at landschbouw) was arrested and killed by Japan troop.

Independence Period

The declaration of independence of August 17, 1945 consequented into the establishment many paramilitary organizations (lasykar) as Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR), API/Pesindo, Lasykar Uruh, and so on.  Many members of these organizations furthermore jointed the regular army (TNI). When Dutch Administration Army (KNIL) got back and took the authority in Bandung, the partisant faced them by 2 fronts : south front (Lembang) and west front (Gunung Putri and Bekasi).
On 1946, Jakarta Residency took place the administration at Subang. The choice of Subang as the centre for admnistration based on struggle strategic consideration. The first Resident was Sewaka which became the first governor of West Jawa Province. After that, Kusnaeni became a resident. On December 1946 Kosasih Purwanagara became resident, without disposition of Kusnaeni. Not too long, Mukmin became the vice resident.
On the guerilla time along first Dutch military agression, based on the struggle strategy, the resident never far away leaving Subang territory. With some guerillas the resident stayed at Songgom, Surian, and Cimenteng.
On October 26, 1947 Resident Kosasih Purwanagara left Subang and Vice Resident Mukmin as the daily resident executor that left Purwakarta on February 6, 1948 never sent the message to the guerilla territory. This condition drove the meeting on April 5, 1948 at Cimanggu, Cimenteng. Led by Karlan, the meeting decided :

  1. Vice Resident Mukmin directed become resident that took place at guerilla territory of Purwakarta.
  2. East Karawang territory became East Karawang Regency, with Danta Kartawigenda as a first bupati.
  3. West Karawang territory became West Karawang Regency, with Syafei as a first bupati.

East Karawang territory was Subang Regency and Purwakarta Regency now. That time, those territories named Purwakarta Regency with Subang as the capital. The decision for the name of East Karawang regency on April 5, 1948 was stated as a momentum for Subang Regency anniversary which formally stated by Region Representative Board (DPRD) Decision No. 01/SK/DPRD/1977

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